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• Neurological history: mental retardation, cal assessment is completed by a self-reported sub-
head injuries, etc. jective memory complaints, a scale to assess the
performance of instrumental activities of daily living
• Consumption and/or toxic addiction: and other scales to assess anxiety and depression
alcoholism/level of regular alcohol intake, symptoms.
addiction/consumption of other psychotropic
substances. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)
• Psychiatric pathology: depression, dysthymia, This is a test of global cognitive assessment. It con-
bipolar disorder, psychotic disorders, anxiety sists of 20 items that gather a rough information on
syndromes. the level of orientation, attachment, attention, cal-
culation, recall, language and viso-constructive pra-
• Other relevant systemic diseases: hepatic xis of the subject. The score for this test is made over
failure, renal failure, Obstructive Sleep Apnea a maximum of 30 points to the extent that all items
Syndrome (OSA)... are answered correctly. Cognitive impairment diag-
nosis is performed based on a score of 24 points as
• Family history with special attention to the the cutoff.
history of dementia or movement disorders,
developmental delay or psychiatric disorders.
• Regular drug treatment during the last 5
years.
4.3.4. General examination
All subjects undergo a general and neurological Memory Complaints Scale (UIPA)
standard examination: cranial nerves, muscle ba-
lance, coordination, extrapyramidal system, gait, os- This scale is based on a self-reported test comprising
teotendinous reflexes, midline release reflexes, etc. 11 items to assess memory complaints from study
The following parameters are analyzed in a special participants.
way:
Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ)
• Gait disturbance.
• Handwriting. It is a classic questionnaire to assess autonomously
• Instrumental activities of daily living. performing of instrumental activities of daily living.
The questionnaire should be answered by a reliable
4.3.5. Neuropsychological examination informant. It consists of 11 items with 4 response op-
tions to assess the degree of dependence or inde-
The assessment protocol was designed in order to pendence of the subject in different daily tasks
comprehensively assess neuropsychological func- (managing finances, shopping, doing housework,
tioning of study participants. Starting from the appli- preparing meals, pay attention and discuss news, re-
cation of different measuring instruments (screening membering dates, managing medication or going
and cognitive assessment tests, scales and ques- out alone on the street). The diagnosis of Alzheimer
tionnaires) information is collected from both the glo- disease occurs from a score of 6 as the cutoff point.
bal neuropsychological functioning and the specific
cognitive processes, especially in information pro- Rey complex figure test
cessing speed, attention, episodic memory, proce-
dural learning, language, visoconstruction and Is a classic neuropsychological evaluation task con-
executive functions. Furthermore, neuropsychologi- sisting in performing a copy of a complex pattern
CIEN Foundation Annual Report 2015 / 74
