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• Neurological history: mental retardation,           cal assessment is completed by a self-reported sub-
       head injuries, etc.                               jective memory complaints, a scale to assess the
                                                         performance of instrumental activities of daily living
   • Consumption and/or toxic addiction:                 and other scales to assess anxiety and depression
       alcoholism/level of regular alcohol intake,       symptoms.
       addiction/consumption of other psychotropic
       substances.                                                Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)

   • Psychiatric pathology: depression, dysthymia,       This is a test of global cognitive assessment. It con-
       bipolar disorder, psychotic disorders, anxiety    sists of 20 items that gather a rough information on
       syndromes.                                        the level of orientation, attachment, attention, cal-
                                                         culation, recall, language and viso-constructive pra-
   • Other relevant systemic diseases: hepatic           xis of the subject. The score for this test is made over
       failure, renal failure, Obstructive Sleep Apnea   a maximum of 30 points to the extent that all items
       Syndrome (OSA)...                                 are answered correctly. Cognitive impairment diag-
                                                         nosis is performed based on a score of 24 points as
   • Family history with special attention to the        the cutoff.
       history of dementia or movement disorders,
       developmental delay or psychiatric disorders.

   • Regular drug treatment during the last 5
       years.

4.3.4. General examination

All subjects undergo a general and neurological                       Memory Complaints Scale (UIPA)
standard examination: cranial nerves, muscle ba-
lance, coordination, extrapyramidal system, gait, os-    This scale is based on a self-reported test comprising
teotendinous reflexes, midline release reflexes, etc.    11 items to assess memory complaints from study
The following parameters are analyzed in a special       participants.
way:
                                                                Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ)
   • Gait disturbance.
   • Handwriting.                                        It is a classic questionnaire to assess autonomously
   • Instrumental activities of daily living.            performing of instrumental activities of daily living.
                                                         The questionnaire should be answered by a reliable
4.3.5. Neuropsychological examination                    informant. It consists of 11 items with 4 response op-
                                                         tions to assess the degree of dependence or inde-
The assessment protocol was designed in order to         pendence of the subject in different daily tasks
comprehensively assess neuropsychological func-          (managing finances, shopping, doing housework,
tioning of study participants. Starting from the appli-  preparing meals, pay attention and discuss news, re-
cation of different measuring instruments (screening     membering dates, managing medication or going
and cognitive assessment tests, scales and ques-         out alone on the street). The diagnosis of Alzheimer
tionnaires) information is collected from both the glo-  disease occurs from a score of 6 as the cutoff point.
bal neuropsychological functioning and the specific
cognitive processes, especially in information pro-                          Rey complex figure test
cessing speed, attention, episodic memory, proce-
dural learning, language, visoconstruction and           Is a classic neuropsychological evaluation task con-
executive functions. Furthermore, neuropsychologi-       sisting in performing a copy of a complex pattern

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