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4.3.6. Determination of biomar- cells to determine, by PCR and se-
kers quencing techniques, genetic markers
associated with the various polymor-
It is currently widely accepted that the phisms in the following genes: APOE,
molecular changes associated with CR1, BIN1, CLU, PICALM, ABCA7, SORL1,
AD, including the formation of amyloid PRNP, GRM8, and BACE1. These genes
plaques and neurofibrillary tangles be- are studied using DNA obtained from
gin many years before the appearance the extraction of samples from the first
of clinical symptoms. In recent years, visit.
the need to define and develop new
early biomarkers of AD that allow us Also, in the context of the project fun-
to assess the risk and early diagnosis ded by the MINECO (Projects RETOS)
of the disease has become clear. Thus, entitled "miRNA and lipid metabolism
blood samples will be collected wi- markers as potential links between
thin the Vallecas Project for the study vascular dysfunction and Alzheimer's
of genetic and biochemical markers. pathophysiology", and whose main re-
Samples are obtained according to the searchers are Drs. Miguel Medina and
protocol "Collection and Processing of Miguel Calero, in collaboration with
Human Blood Samples in the Vallecas the group of Dr. Tobias Engel (Royal
Project" and processed to obtain the College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland)
various fractions indicated in the pro- plasma-derived microRNAs are being
tocol, which are stored at -80°C. On analyzed as potential biomarkers, as
one hand, DNA is extracted from blood well as molecules related to vascular
Cien Foundation annual report 2020 110
